Method for influencing gravitational discharge of material from a railroad hopper car

ABSTRACT

A method for influencing gravitational discharge of material from a railcar gate assembly is arranged in material receiving relation relative to a hopper on the railcar. The gate assembly defines a discharge opening and includes a slide gate for controlling the discharge of material from the hopper car. A first portion of the gate assembly is operably disposed above the slide gate and a second portion of the gate assembly is disposed below the slide gate. An adapter is releasably suspended below the discharge opening for influencing the discharge of material from the second portion of the gate assembly.

RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a divisional patent application to U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 14/258,461 filed on Apr. 22, 2014; the entirety ofwhich is incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION DISCLOSURE

The present invention disclosure generally relates to railroad hoppercars and, more particularly, to a method for influencing gravitationaldischarge of material from a railroad hopper car.

BACKGROUND

Railroad hopper cars are commonly used to economically transportcommodities between distantly spaced geographic locations. Such hoppercars include a hopper typically having a plurality of longitudinallyspaced chutes. At the bottom of the car, each chute terminates in achute opening. Hopper cars typically include a mounting flange providedabout each standard opening on the bottom of the hopper car. Such hoppercar mounting flanges typically define a series of apertures or openingsarranged in a generally standard bolting pattern.

Dry granular commodities can be rapidly discharged from the hopper carthrough gate assemblies mounted in material receiving relation relativeto the chute openings on the bottom of the hopper car. A frame of eachgate assembly defines a discharge opening having a generally rectangularshape and through which such commodities are gravitationally dischargedfrom the hopper car. A gate or door is slidably movable on the frame anda drive mechanism is provided for moving the gate between closed andopen positions. In a closed position, the gate prevents discharge of thecommodity from the hopper car. When the gate is opened, the commodity isgravitationally discharged through the discharge opening defined by thegate assembly. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, thecommodity carried by the railroad hopper car places a significantcolumnar load on an upper surface of the gate and on the frame of thegate assembly. Any openings, recesses or grooves in any of theinterconnected frame members of the gate assembly can significantlyweaken or adversely affect both the strength and rigidity required ofthe frame of the gate assembly.

In effect, the gate assembly frame includes an upper portion disposedabove an upper surface of the gate and a lower portion disposed below alower surface of the gate. The upper portion of the gate assembly frameincludes, toward an upper end thereof, a mounting flange designed tofacilitate securement of the gate assembly to the hopper car. The upperportion of the gate assembly defines a first or upper discharge openingwhich approximates the size of the chute opening on the railcar. Thelower portion of the gate assembly frame defines a second or lowerdischarge opening. Moreover, the lower portion of a typically gateassembly includes outwardly extending flange structure arranged insurrounding relation with the second or lower discharge opening.

Once a hopper car reaches an unloading site, the gate on the gateassembly is opened and gravity causes the commodity within the walledenclosure or hopper on the car to freely drop from the railcar's hopperthrough the discharge opening and into a take-away device. There areseveral common options for the take-away device. One option involves anopen-pit having conveyance equipment, i.e., a belt-conveyor or pneumaticconveyor arranged toward a bottom thereof.

A second option involves a sealed pit using unloading “boots.” With thisdevice, a boot is raised from beneath and between the rails and sealsagainst the outwardly extending flange structure or “boot flange” on thebottom of the gate assembly. During discharge, the commodity falls fromthe hopper, passing into the boot, from whence the commodity is directedtoward and deposited onto conveyance equipment under the rails. Theseunloading boots are available in several standard sizes. Typically,there is “standard” spacing between such unloading boots.Problematically, however, the spacings between the opening of the outletgates is not always the same as the spacing between such unloadingboots. Accordingly, the discharge openings on the gate assembly may notalways vertically align with the discharge boot rising from beneath andbetween the rails and vice-versa. As such, commodity being dischargefrom the hopper car sometimes spills outside of the misaligned unloadingboot and is lost. Such economical loss is simply unacceptable.

Another common option for directing a discharged commodity from thehopper car involves use of a portable unloading sled having aselectively operable conveyor. Unlike unloading pits, which are more orless permanently located, portable unloading sleds allow unloading ofthe railcar at almost any location where the railcar can be safelyparked and accessed. These portable unloading sleds are specificallydesigned to fit between the top or upper surface of the rails and thebottom of the discharge gate assembly. To reduce the commodity lostduring discharge and transfer of the commodity, the portable sleds abutwith or against the “boot flange” on the bottom of the gate assembly.

Prior to the discharge of commodity from the railcar, the portableunloading sled is wheeled or otherwise moved into place on top of therails and under the discharge outlet of the gate assembly. The conveyoris engaged or otherwise “turned ON” and the gate of the gate assembly isthereafter opened. The unloading sled serves to convey the commodityreceived from the hopper of the railcar into silos, truck-trailers, oris simply deposited onto the ground.

It is desirable for railroad hopper cars used in services which unloadinto a portable unloading sled to, at some time during their servicelife, have the capability of being moved or returned to service whereinthe gate assembly is required to unload into an unloading boot. Therectangular boot flange opening, however, on one very common and/orpopular gate assembly measures about 26.5 inches by about 56 inches. Therectangular boot flange opening on another very common and/or populargate assembly measures about 25.25 inches by about 59 inches. As such,and when the most common and popular gate assemblies unload into astandard unloading boot, having an outside dimension of about 19 inchesby about 48 inches, commodity being discharged from the hopper car oftentimes spills outside of the unloading boot and is lost. Again, such aneconomical loss is simply unacceptable.

The Association of American Railroads (the “AAR”) has revised theStandard governing locking systems for gate assemblies used onhopper-type railroad cars. The revised Standard (S-233-2011) requiresthe locking/unlocking or latching/unlatching functions for the gateassembly to be integrated into the discharge gate operating mechanism.As such, rotation of a capstan in a direction to open the gate mustfirst unlock or unlatch the gate and then move the gate from the closedposition to the open position.

Thus, there is a continuing need and desire for a railcar discharge gateassembly which is readily adaptable to either unloading over an open pitor into an unloading boot while minimizing loss of commodity wherebysignificantly adding to the versatility of usage of the railcar whilealso satisfying the latest AAR Standard.

SUMMARY

In accordance with one aspect, there is provided a discharge gateassembly for a railroad hopper car. The gate assembly includes a rigidframe including a pair of opposed side frame members rigidly joined to apair of opposed end frame members in a generally rectangular design anddefining a first or upper discharge opening of a predetermined size andthrough which commodity is adapted to gravitationally pass. A gate ordoor is supported on the frame for linear movement in a single generallyhorizontal path of travel between a closed position, wherein the gateprevents a flow of commodity through the discharge opening, and an openposition. Each side frame member and each end frame member includes anupper outwardly extending mounting flange. Also, each end frame memberand side frame member includes a lower outwardly extending boot flangearranged below a lower surface of the gate.

According to this aspect, the gate assembly further includes an adapterdisposed below the boot flange on the frame members. The adapter definesa second or lower discharge opening for the gate assembly. Notably, theadapter includes a horizontally slanted surface extending inwardly froma marginal edge of the discharge opening of the gate assembly. Moreover,the adapter includes a lower boot flange for allowing a discharge bootto be abutted thereagainst during discharge of material from the hoppercar. The adapter boor flange coupled with the size of the seconddischarge opening defined by the adapter allows a discharge boot to beabutted against the adapter to effect discharge of commodity from thehopper car while minimizing commodity loss. As such, and rather thanforcing a customer/car builder to purchase a gate assembly designed fora particular discharge operation, the adapter of this inventiondisclosure permits customization of the gate assembly as to both sizeand location of the discharge opening whereby significantly adding toversatility of the gate assembly. The adapter is releasably suspended bystructure in material receiving relation below the discharge openingdefined by the frame members of the gate assembly frame.

In one form, the adapter of the gate assembly is slidably coupled to andsupported by the lower outwardly extending flanges on at least twoopposed frame members. Fasteners are preferably used to releasably affixthe structure to the gate assembly frame. In an alternative form, thestructure for releasably suspending the adapter below the frame assemblyincludes a clamping mechanism. In yet another form, weldments are usedto affix the structure for restricting commodity flow passing from thedischarge opening to the gate assembly frame. In still anotherembodiment, the structure for releasably suspending the adapter belowthe frame assembly includes bracketry carried by the gate assembly frameand adapter.

The gate assembly further includes an operating shaft assembly supportedby extensions of the side frame members for rotation about a fixed axis;with the operating shaft assembly being operably coupled to the gate.The operating shaft assembly can be operably coupled to the gate throughpinions mounted on a rotatable shaft In this form, the pinions arearranged in intermeshing relation with racks carried on the gate.Preferably, seal structure is arranged in sealing engagement with theupper surface of and toward a periphery of the gate. A lock assembly isalso preferably provided for preventing inadvertent movement of the gatetoward the open position. In one form, the lock assembly is operable intimed relation relative to rotation of the operating shaft assembly suchthat a stop is positively removed from the path of travel of the gateprior to movement of the gate toward an open position. In one form, thestop positively engages with the gate thereby preventing inadvertentmovement of the gate toward an open position. Preferably, the gateassembly further includes a lost motion mechanism which collapses uponrotation of the operating shaft assembly in a direction to move the gatetoward an open position whereafter the operating shaft assembly isoperably coupled to the gate

In a preferred embodiment, the gate assembly further includes aplurality of supports extending in generally parallel relation relativeto each other and between the opposed end frame members for supportingthe gate Each support preferably extends in the direction in which thegate moves between the closed and open positions. One end of eachsupport is secured to the end frame member disposed the furthestdistance from the operating shaft assembly. In this embodiment, eachsupport is secured to and extends through the opposed end frame member.Each support is preferably structured to guide and support the shaft ofthe operating shaft assembly thereby limiting deflection of the shaftrelative to the fixed axis when the shaft is rotated to move the gatetoward the open position.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided adischarge gate assembly for a railroad hopper car. In this embodiment,the gate assembly includes a rigid frame having an upper portion definedabove a gate slidably supported on said frame and a lower portiondefined below said gate. The frame includes a pair of laterally spacedand generally parallel side frame members and a pair of longitudinallyspaced and generally parallel end frame members fixed between the sideframe members to define a discharge opening through which commodity isadapted to gravitationally pass. The frame members each have a bootflange. Preferably, the boor flanges on the frame members. are arrangedbelow the gate and in generally coplanar relation relative to each other

The gate assembly further includes an adapter including a series ofhorizontally slanted surfaces extending inwardly from a marginal edge ofthe discharge opening so as to influence the commodity flowing orpassing from the gate assembly. The adapter includes a series of lowerboot flanges arranged in generally coplanar relation relative to eachother so as to allow a discharge boot to be abutted thereagainst.Structure is provided for releasably suspending the adapter blow thelower portion of the gate in material receiving relation relative to thedischarge opening defined by the frame members.

According to this aspect, the surfaces on the adapter are horizontallyslanted downwardly at an acute angle relative to a horizontal plane. Inone form, the adapter is slidably coupled to and supported by the loweroutwardly extending flange on at least two of the frame membersFasteners serve to releasably affix the adapter to the gate assemblyframe. Alternatively, the adapter can be slidably coupled to andsupported by the outwardly extending flange on at least two outwardlyextending frame members; with such structure including fasteners forreleasably affixing the structure to the gate assembly frame. In yetanother embodiment, the structure for releasably suspending the adapterbelow the lower portion of the gate assembly includes a clampingmechanism serves to releasably affix the adapter to at least two of theframe members of the gate assembly frame. In still another embodiment,the structure for releasably suspending the adapter below the lowerportion of the gate assembly includes bracketry carried by said gateassembly frame and the adapter.

The gate assembly further includes an operating shaft assembly supportedby extensions on the side frame members for rotation about a fixed axis.The operating shaft is operably coupled to the gate. In one embodiment,the operating shaft assembly is operably coupled to the gate throughpinions mounted on a shaft rotatable about the fixed axis. In this form,the pinions are arranged in intermeshing relation with racks carried onthe lower surface of the gate. Preferably, the operating shaft assemblyincludes an elongated operating shaft supported by extensions of theside frame members for rotation about a fixed axis. Seal structure ispreferably arranged in sealing engagement with the upper surface of andtoward a periphery of the gate.

A lock assembly is preferably provided for inhibiting inadvertentmovement of the gate toward the open position. The lock assembly ispreferably operable in timed relation relative to rotation of theoperating shaft assembly. In one form, the lock assembly includes a stopwhich, when the gate is in the closed position, positively engages withthe gate thereby preventing inadvertent movement of the gate toward anopen position and which is operably removed from the path of travel ofthe gate prior to said gate being positively moved toward the openposition under the influence of the operating shaft assembly.

A mechanical system is preferably provided between the lock assemblystop and the operating shaft assembly for positively displacing the stopfrom engagement with the gate upon rotation of the operating shaftassembly and prior to movement of the gate toward the open position. Inone embodiment, the mechanical system includes a lost motion mechanismwhich collapses upon rotation of the operating shaft assembly in adirection to move the gate toward the open position whereafter theoperating shaft assembly is operably coupled to the gate.

In another family of embodiments, there is provided a discharge gateassembly adapted to be secured in material receiving relation relativeto a chute opening defined toward a bottom of a railroad hopper car. Thegate assembly includes a rigid frame having a pair of laterally spaced,opposed and generally parallel side frame members and a pair oflongitudinally spaced, opposed and generally parallel end frame members.The frame members define a first discharge opening for the gateassembly. A gate is supported on the frame for linear sliding movementalong a single predetermined and generally horizontal path of travelbetween closed and open positions. The gate includes upper and lowergenerally parallel surfaces.

In this embodiment, the side frame members and end frame members eachinclude an upper outwardly extending flange, with the upper flanges onthe frame members being arranged above the upper surface of the gate andin generally coplanar relation relative to each other. The upper flangeson the frame members define a bolting pattern generally corresponding toa standard bolting pattern surrounding the chute opening toward thebottom of the railroad hopper car whereby facilitating securement of thegate assembly to the hopper car. Moreover, the frame members eachinclude a depending wall extending generally perpendicular to the upperflange and below the lower surface of the gate. Each frame memberfurther has a horizontally slanted wall extending between and joiningthe upper flange and the respective depending wall thereof. Eachhorizontally slanted wall extends downwardly and away from the upperflange on the respective frame member and inwardly toward the dischargeopening. Each frame member further includes a boot flange extendinggenerally parallel to the upper flange. The boot flanges on the side andend frame members are arranged below the lower surface of the gate andin generally coplanar relation relative to each other.

In this embodiment, the gate assembly further includes an adapterdefining a second discharge opening disposed below the first dischargeopening of the gate assembly. The second discharge opening defined bythe adapter is sized to influence commodity flowing or passing from thefirst discharge opening of the gate assembly. In one form, the adapterincludes a series of horizontally slanted surfaces extending inwardlyfrom a marginal edge of the first discharge opening defined by the gateassembly. Structure is also provided for releasably suspending theadapter below and in material receiving relation relative to the firstdischarge opening defined by the frame members of the rigid frame

In one form, the adapter is slidably coupled to and suspended by bootflanges on at least two of the frame members. Fasteners releasably affixthe structure to the gate assembly frame. Such fastener can include oneor more weldments. Alternatively, a clamping mechanism can be used forreleasably affixing the adapter to the gate assembly frame. In yetanother embodiment, the structure for releasably suspending the adapterbelow the frame assembly includes bracketry carried by said gateassembly fame and the adapter.

An operating shaft assembly is supported by extensions of the side framemembers for selectively moving the gate between closed and openpositions. Moreover, a lock assembly is preferably provided on the gateassembly for inhibiting inadvertent movement of the gate toward the openposition. The lock assembly is preferably operable in timed relationrelative to rotation of the operating shaft assembly. Preferably, thelock assembly includes a stop which, when the gate is in the closedposition, positively engages with the gate thereby preventinginadvertent movement of the gate toward an open position and which isoperably removed from the path of travel of the gate prior to the gatebeing positively moved toward the open position under the influence ofthe operating shaft assembly.

A mechanical system is preferably provided between the lock assemblystop and the operating shaft assembly for positively displacing the stopfrom engagement with the gate upon rotation of the operating shaftassembly and prior to movement of the gate toward the open position. Themechanical system includes a lost motion mechanism which collapses uponrotation of the operating shaft assembly in a direction to move the gatetoward the open position whereafter the operating shaft assembly isoperably coupled to the gate.

According to another aspect of this invention disclosure, there isprovided a method for influencing the discharge of material from arailroad hopper car. Such method involves the step of: providing adischarge gate assembly in material receiving relation relative to adischarge outlet defined by the hopper car. The discharge gate assemblyincludes a rigid frame which supports a gate for sliding movementbetween open and closed positions. The gate assembly is operablydivisible into an upper portion arranged above the gate and a lowerportion arranged below the gate. Frame members of the discharge gateassembly define a first or upper discharge opening through whichcommodity is adapted to gravitationally pass from the hopper car. Thelower portion of the gate assembly defines a boot flange arranged belowthe lower surface of the gate.

Another step in the method for influencing the discharge of materialfrom a railroad hopper car involves: releasably suspending an adapterbeneath the discharge opening defined by the discharge gate assembly forinfluencing commodity being discharged from the discharge openingdefined by the frame members. Releasably suspending the adapter belowthe gate assembly allows this hopper car to be returned to servicewherein the gate assembly is required to unload into an unloading sled.

The step of releasably suspending the adapter to the gate assembly framecan be accomplished in several ways. In one manner, the step ofreleasably suspending the adapter relative to the gate assembly can beaccomplished by first sliding the structure onto the lower flanges of atleast two opposed frame members and then releasably securing thestructure to the gate assembly frame. Alternatively, releasablysuspending the adapter below the gate assembly frame is contemplated asinvolving clamping the adapter to the gate assembly frame. In yetanother form, releasably securing the adapter to the gate assembly frameis contemplated as involving welding the adapter to the gate assemblyframe. In still another form, releasably suspending the adapter belowthe gate assembly so as to influence commodity passing the gate assemblycan be effected through bracketry disposed between the adapter and thegate assembly frame.

In one form, the adapter includes at least two horizontally slantedsurfaces. Each horizontally slanted surface is arranged in dependingrelation relative to mounting flanges arranged at an upper surface ofthe adapter and extends inwardly at an acute angle from at least twomarginal edges defining the discharge opening on the gate assemblyframe.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is side elevational view of a railroad hopper car having mountedthereon a series of gate assemblies which embody one form of the presentinvention disclosure;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is perspective view of the gate assembly illustrated in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4A is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 4A-4A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a fragmentary enlarged sectional view taken along line 6-6 ofFIG. 2;

FIG. 6A is a view similar to FIG. 2 but having the gate removed from theframe assembly;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of that area encircled in FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is fragmentary and enlarged end view of a portion of the gateassembly of the present invention disclosure;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the area elliptically encompassed inphantom lines in FIG. 4;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view similar to FIG. 9 showing alternativestructure for releasably affixing an adapter to a gate assembly;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view similar to FIG. 9 showing other alternativestructure for releasably affixing an adapter to a gate assembly;

FIG. 11A is a side view of the gate assembly showing alternativestructure for releasably suspending an adapter below the gate assemblyso as to influence commodity being discharged from the gate assembly;

FIG. 11B is enlarged partially sectioned view of that area encircled inFIG. 12;

FIG. 11C is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 11C-11C of FIG.11B;

FIG. 12 is an end view of the gate assembly of the present inventiondisclosure;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 13-13 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 14 is an enlarged sectional view, with some parts removed, takenalong line 14-14 of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 13 showing the gate of thegate assembly in an open position;

FIG. 16 is a fragmentary top plan view taken along line 16-16 of FIG. 12showing one form of lock assembly arranged in operable combination withthe gate assembly

FIG. 17 is a fragmentary and enlarged sectional view taken along line17-17 of FIG. 12;

FIG. 18 is an enlarged elevational view of a pinion forming part of adrive mechanism for moving the gate between closed and open positions;

FIG. 19 is an enlarged fragmentary side sectional view similar to FIG.13;

FIG. 20 is a fragmentary side view similar to FIG. 6 but showingalternative embodiments for the gate assembly frame and adapter;

FIG. 21 is a schematic showing of the components of the gate assembly asthe operating shaft assembly is rotated to move the gate toward an openposition;

FIG. 22 is a fragmentary sectional side view showing the relationship ofvarious component parts of the present invention when the operatingshaft assembly is rotated to the position shown in FIG. 21;

FIG. 23 is a fragmentary sectional side view similar to FIG. 22 butshowing further rotation of the operating shaft assembly to move thegate toward the open position; and

FIG. 24 is a fragmentary sectional side view showing the relationship ofvarious component parts of the present invention when the operatingshaft assembly is rotated to the position shown in FIG. 23.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

While the present invention is susceptible of embodiment in multipleforms, there is shown in the drawings and will hereinafter be describedpreferred embodiments of the invention disclosure, with theunderstanding the present disclosure sets forth exemplifications of theinvention which is not intended to limit the invention disclosure to thespecific embodiment illustrated and described.

Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals indicatelike parts throughout the several views, schematically shown in FIG. 1is a railroad hopper car, generally indicated by numeral 10, which ismovable between locations over conventional rails 11. Although railroadhopper-type cars have a variety of configurations, they generally have awalled enclosure or hopper 12 for storing and transporting commoditytherewithin. A bottom 14 of car 10 can also take a variety ofconfigurations. Suffice it to say, in the exemplary embodiment, thebottom 14 of the enclosed hopper 12 is provided with a plurality oflongitudinally spaced funnel shaped chutes 16 between opposed ends ofthe hopper 12.

As shown in FIG. 1, each hopper chute 16 has a chute opening 18 throughwhich commodity is gravitationally discharged from car 10. Moreover, andas shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, hopper 12 is provided with a mounting flange20 extending outwardly from and arranged about each chute opening 18 onhopper 12. Typically, flange 20 defines a series of side-by-sideopenings or holes 22 (FIG. 4) which combine to define a standard boltingpattern on the mounting flange 20 on hopper 12. In the illustratedembodiment, the side-by-side openings or holes 22 (FIG. 4) combine todefine a conventional 13 by 42 bolting pattern.

According to the present invention disclosure, a discharge gate assembly30 is arranged in material receiving relation relative to each lowerchute opening 18 on the hopper 12 to control the discharge of commodityfrom the railcar 10. Broadly stated, each railcar gate assembly of thepresent invention disclosure includes a slide gate movable between aclosed position and an open position to control the discharge ofmaterial from the hopper car. From an operational perspective, a firstor upper portion of the gate assembly is operably disposed above theslide gate and a second or lower portion of the gate assembly isdisposed below the slide gate. As described in detail below, a bootadapter is releasably connected to and controls the discharge ofmaterial from the lower portion of the gate assembly. Each gate assembly30 on the railcar is substantially similar, thus, only one gate assemblywill be described in detail.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each gate assembly 30 includesa rigid frame 32 having an axis 33 and defining a first dischargeopening 34 having a generally rectangular marginal edge 34 a. In oneembodiment, the area of the first discharge opening 34 defined by theframe 32 of gate assembly 30 measures approximately 955 square inches.Gate assembly 30 also includes a gate 70 which, as discussed below, isselectively movable between a closed position, wherein commodity isprevented from passing through the first discharge opening 34, and anopen position. Gate 70 moves in a single generally horizontal path oftravel so as to selectively control the gravitational discharge ofcommodity from the hopper 12 (FIG. 1). Gate assembly frame 32 is formedof a pair of generally parallel and opposed metal side frame members 36,37 along with first and second generally parallel and opposed metal endframe members 38, 39 rigidly fixed to each other and which combine toprovide a generally rectangular configuration, in plan, to the dischargeopening 34. In one form, the side frame members 36, 37 are configured asmirror images of each other. Accordingly, only side frame member 36 willbe discussed in detail.

As shown in FIGS. 2, 4 and 4A, the side frame members 36, 37 of gateassembly 30 each include an upper outwardly extending and rigid andgenerally planar mounting flange 40 arranged above an upper surface 72of the gate 70 and defining a series of side-by-side openings or holes42 so as to allow a shank portion of a threaded fastener 43 to extendtherethrough. In the illustrated embodiment, fastener 43 includes andcooperates with a threaded nut whereby securing the gate assembly 30 tothe conventional mounting flanges 20 on the bottom of the railcar hopper12. In the embodiment illustrated by way of example, the side framemembers 36, 37 of gate assembly 30 each further include a horizontallyslanted generally planar wall 44 extending or angling downwardly andaway from the respective upper mounting flange 40 on each side framemember and inwardly toward a center of the discharge opening 34 of thegate assembly 30.

In the illustrated embodiment, the slanted wall 44 of each side framemember 36, 37 extends inwardly toward the discharge opening 34 and atacute angle β relative to a horizontal plane defined by the uppermounting flange 40 on each side member of the discharge gate assembly30. In one form, the slanted wall 44 of each side frame member 36, 37extends at angle preferably ranging between about 26 degrees and about40 degrees relative to a horizontal plane defined by the upper mountingflange 40 on each side member 36, 37 of the discharge gate assembly 30.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 4A, each side frame member 36, 37also includes a depending wall 46 extending generally perpendicular tothe upper flange 40 and rigidly joined toward and to a distal end of thehorizontally slanted wall 44 of each side frame member. In theillustrated embodiment, the depending wall 46 of each side frame member36, 37 extends from where it is joined to the horizontally slanted wallstructure 44 above the upper surface 72 of gate 70 downwardly past alower surface 74 of gate 70. Preferably, the depending wall 46 on eachside member of the gate assembly 30 is formed integral with the mountingflange 40 and horizontally slanted wall 44 of each side frame member.

In the embodiment shown by way of example in FIGS. 4 and 4A, each sideframe member 36, 37 further includes a horizontally slanted wall 47extending inwardly from the respective depending wall 46 and preferablyfrom the edge of the discharge opening 34 and at acute angle θ relativeto a horizontal plane defined by the upper mounting flange 40 on eachside member of the discharge gate assembly 30. In one form, the slantedwall 47 of each side frame member 36, 37 extends downwardly and inwardlyat acute angle preferably ranging between about 26 degrees and about 40degrees relative to a horizontal plane defined by the upper mountingflange 40 on each side member of the discharge gate assembly 30.

In the embodiment illustrated by way of example in FIGS. 4 and 4A, thehorizontally slanted wall 47 on each side frame member 36, 37 terminatesat a location where it is joined to a boot flange 48. As shown, the bootflange 48 of each side frame member 36, 37 is spaced from but extends inthe same direction and in generally parallel relation with therespective mounting flange 40. Preferably, the mounting flange 40, thehorizontally slanted wall 44, the depending wall 46, the horizontallyslanted wall 47, and boot flange 48 of each side frame member 36, 37 areall integrally formed with each other. It is, however, with simpledesign modifications, to fabricate the horizontally slanted wall 47 andboot flange as a separate assembly which can be bolted or otherwisesecured to the side frame member without seriously detracting ordeparting from the spirit and scope of this invention disclosure.

In one form, the forward or first end frame member 38, at that end ofgate assembly 30 which engages a transverse edge 75 of gate 70 when gate70 is in a closed position, is designed differently from either sideframe members 36, 37 or the rear second end frame member 39 (FIGS. 2 and3). In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and. 5, the forward or first endframe member 38 includes an upper outwardly extending, rigid andgenerally planar mounting flange 50 arranged above the upper surface 72of gate 70 and defining a series of side-by-side openings or holes 52 toallow a shank portion of a threaded fastener 43 to extend therethrough.In the illustrated embodiment, fastener 43 includes and cooperates witha threaded nut whereby facilitating securement of gate assembly 30 tothe conventional mounting flange 20 on the bottom of the railcar hopper12 (FIG. 5). Notably, the upper mounting flange 50 of the end framemember 38 is arranged generally coplanar with the mounting flange 40 oneach side frame member 36, 37.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, the first end frame member 38preferably includes a horizontally slanted generally planar wall 54extending downwardly and away from the respective upper mounting flange50 of end frame member 38 and inwardly toward a center of the dischargeopening 34 for the gate assembly 30.

The slanted wall 54 on the first or forward end frame member 38 extendsinwardly at angle β relative to a horizontal plane defined by the uppermounting flange 50 on the end frame member 38. In one form, the slantedwall 54 on the end frame member 38 extends inwardly toward the dischargeopening 34 and at acute angle ranging between about 26 degrees and about40 degrees relative to a horizontal plane defined by the upper mountingflange 50 on the end frame member 38. Preferably, the slanted wall 54 onthe end frame member 38 extends inwardly toward the discharge opening 34and at acute angle β which is generally equal to the acute angle βdefined between the slanted wall 44 of each side frame member 36, 37 ofgate assembly 30.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the end frame member 38 furtherincludes a depending wall 56 extending generally perpendicular to theupper flange 50 and rigidly joined toward and to a distal end of thehorizontally slanted wall 54 of the end frame member 38. The dependingwall 56 of end frame member 38 extends from where it is joined to thehorizontally slanted wall structure 54 above the upper surface 72 ofgate 70 downwardly past the lower surface 74 of gate 70. Preferably, thedepending wall 56 on end frame member 38 is formed integral with themounting flange 50 and the horizontally slanted wall 54.

Also, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the first end frame member 38further includes a boot flange 58 disposed toward the lower end of andextending outwardly and away from the depending wall 56. The boot flange58 of the end frame member 38 is spaced from but extends in the samedirection and in generally parallel relation with the respectivemounting flange 50. Preferably, the mounting flange 50, the slanted wall54, the depending wall 56, and the boot flange 58 are integrally formedwith each other. Moreover, the boot flange 58 of the end frame member 38is preferably arranged in generally coplanar relation relative to theboot flange 48 on the side frame members 36 and 37 of gate assembly 30.

As shown in FIG. 5, the end frame member 38 of gate assembly 30 isfurthermore preferably provided with a series of laterally spacedsupports 57 (with only one being shown in FIG. 5 for exemplary purposes)secured thereto. The supports 57 are arranged across the depending wall56 of the end frame member 38 and serve to engage with and support thegate end 75 as gate 70 approaches a closed position relative to thedischarge opening 34. Preferably, each support 57 is provided with acamming surface 59 for facilitating vertical positioning of the end 75of gate 70 in the closed position relative to the discharge opening 34of gate assembly 30.

The second or rear end frame member 39 of gate assembly 30 includes anupper portion 39 u and a lower portion 39 l which, in the embodimentillustrated by way of example in FIG. 6, are rigidly connected to theside frame members 36 and 37 (FIG. 2) of gate assembly 30 but areseparate from each other. As shown in FIG. 6, the upper portion 39 u ofthe end frame member 39 includes an outwardly extending, rigid andgenerally planar mounting flange 60 arranged above an upper surface 72of the gate 70 and defining a series of side-by-side openings or holes62 to allow a shank portion of a threaded fastener 43 to extendtherethrough. In the illustrated embodiment, fastener 43 includes andcooperates with a threaded nut whereby facilitating securement of gateassembly 30 to the conventional mounting flange 20 on the bottom of therailcar hopper 12. Notably, the mounting flange 60 of the upper portion39 u on the second end frame member 39 is arranged generally coplanarwith the mounting flanges 40 on each side frame member 36, 37 (FIG. 2)and the mounting flange 50 on end member 38 (FIG. 5).

As further illustrated by way of example in FIG. 6, the upper portion 39u of the second end frame member 39 further includes a horizontallyslanted generally planar wall 64 extending downwardly and away from therespective upper mounting flange 60 and inwardly toward a center of thedischarge opening 34 of gate assembly 30. The horizontally slanted wall64 on the upper portion 39 u of the second end frame member 39 extendsinwardly at acute angle β relative to a horizontal plane defined by theupper mounting flange 60 on the end frame member 39. In one form, theslanted wall 64 on the upper portion 39 u of the second end frame member39 extends inwardly toward the discharge opening 34 at an acute angleapproximating 30 degrees relative to a horizontal plane defined by theupper mounting flange 60 on the end frame member 39. Preferably, theslanted wall 64 on the upper portion 39 u of the end frame member 39extends inwardly at acute angle β which is generally equal to the acuteangle β defined between the slanted walls 44 and 54 of the side framemembers 36, 37 and end frame member 38, respectively, of gate assembly30.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the upper portion 39 u of the endframe member 39 also has a depending wall 66 extending generallyperpendicular to the upper flange 60 and rigidly joined toward and to adistal end of the horizontally slanted wall 64 above the upper surface72 of gate 70. In this embodiment, and as shown in FIG. 6, wall 66 ofthe upper portion 39 u of the end frame member 39 depends from where itis joined to the horizontally slanted wall structure 44 above the uppersurface 72 of gate 70 and terminates in a generally horizontal wallsection 66 a having a surface 66 b disposed above an upper surface 72 ofgate 70. Preferably, the depending wall 66 on the end frame member 39 isformed integral with the mounting flange 60 and the horizontally slantedwall 64 of upper portion 39 u of the end member 39.

Preferably, the upper portion 39 u of the end frame member 39furthermore includes a stiffening member 68 a for adding strength andrigidity thereto. In one form, the stiffening member 68 a transverselyextends between the side frame members 36 and 37 (FIG. 2) of the gateframe 32 above the gate 70 and below the upper mounting flange 60 of theend frame member 39. In the illustrated embodiment, the stiffeningmember 68 a includes two legs 68′ and 68″ which are angled relative toeach other. An end of leg 68′ of member 68 a is fastened as by weldingand the like to an underside of the upper mounting flange 60. An end ofleg 68″ is fastened as by welding and the like to an underside of thehorizontally slanted wall 64, preferably in the general area where thehorizontally slanted wall 64 is rigidly joined and angles relative tothe depending wall 66 on the upper portion 39 u of the end frame member39.

In the illustrated embodiment, the lower portion 39 l of the second endwall 39 of gate assembly 30 includes a generally vertical wall 66 ddisposed below the lower surface 74 of gate 70. Wall 66 d is fixedbetween the side frame members 36 and 37 (FIG. 5) to inhibit transversebending and to enhance support for a generally horizontal wall 66 edefining a generally horizontal surface 66 f supporting the lowersurface 74 of gate 70. and which spans the distance between the opposedside frame members 36 and 37 of frame 32. As shown, surface 66 f isvertically spaced from surface 66 a of the upper portion 39 u of the endwall 39 so as to define an opening or slot 67 therebetween. The openingor slot 67 extends transversely across the width of the end member 39whereby permitting gate 70 to slidably move therethrough in a singlegenerally horizontal path of travel between closed and open positions.Preferably, the generally vertical wall 66 d and the generallyhorizontal wall 66 e of the lower portion 39 l of frame 32 are rigidlyjoined to each other. In the embodiment illustrated by way of example inFIG. 6, the generally vertical wall 66 d of the lower portion 39 l ofthe second end wall 39 and the depending wall 66 on the upper portion 39u of the second end wall 39 are disposed in generally the same verticalplane relative to each other.

In the embodiment illustrated by way of example in FIG. 6, the lowerportion 39 l of the second end wall 39 of gate assembly 30 also includesa horizontally slanted wall 66 g extending downwardly and inwardlytoward a center of the discharge opening 34 from a terminal end of thegenerally horizontal wall 66 e and at acute angle θ relative to ahorizontal plane defined by the upper mounting flange 60 on the endframe member of the discharge gate assembly 30. In one form, the slantedwall 66 g on the lower portion 39 l of the second end wall 39 extendsdownwardly and inwardly at acute angle preferably ranging between about26 degrees and about 40 degrees relative to a horizontal plane definedby the upper mounting flange 60 on the upper mounting portion 39 u ofthe end frame member 39 discharge gate assembly 30.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6, the horizontally slanted wall66 g on the lower portion 39 l of the end frame member 39 terminates ata location where it is joined to a boot flange 68. As shown, the bootflange 68 on the lower portion 39 l of the end frame member 39 is spacedfrom but extends in the same direction and in generally parallelrelation with the mounting flange 60. Preferably, the wall 66 d, wall 66e, slanting wall 66 g and the boot flange 68 are integrally formed witheach other. Preferably, the boot flanges 48 on the side frame members 36and 37 (FIG. 4), along with the boot flange 58 on the end frame member38 (FIG. 5) together with the boot flange 68 on the lower portion 39 lof the end frame member 39 are all arranged in parallel and generallycoplanar relation relative to each other.

In the embodiment illustrated by way of example in FIGS. 4 and 4A, theterminal edges of the slanted walls 47 on each side frame member 36, 37along with the terminal edge of the slanted wall 66 g on the lowerportion 39 l of the end frame member 39 (FIG. 6) in combination withwall 56 of end member 38 (FIG. 5) combine to define a second dischargeopening 34′ having a generally rectangular marginal edge 34 a′ for gateassembly 30. This second discharge opening 34′ is disposed beneath orbelow the lower surface of the gate 70 and defines a generally smallerarea than does the discharge opening 34 whereby serving to restrict orotherwise baffle the flow of commodity passing from the dischargeopening 34. In one embodiment, the area of the second discharge opening34′ is about 24% smaller than the area of the first discharge opening34. In one example, the area of the second discharge opening 34′measures approximately 725 square inches.

Returning to FIGS. 2 and 3, seal structure 80 is preferably carried bythe gate assembly frame 32 for inhibiting debris and insect infiltrationbetween the frame 32 and gate 70. In the illustrated embodiment, sealstructure 80 is arranged relative to a periphery of the gate 70 whengate 70 is in the closed position. In one form, seal structure 80preferably includes a hollow mounting 82 secured to the respectivedepending walls of the side frame members and end frame members (withonly the side frame member 36 being shown in FIG. 7) of the gateassembly frame 32 above the upper surface 72 of gate 70. The hollowmounting 82 is specifically configured to allow commodity dischargedfrom the hopper 12 of railcar 10 to readily pass thereover. In one form,structure 80 includes a conventional carpet seal 84, or other suitableseal, accommodated preferably within the mounting 82, and configured tosealingly engage the upper surface 72 of and after gate 70 is moved to aclosed position.

Gate assembly frame 32 furthermore preferably includes structure 90 forfacilitating the discharge of material through the gate assembly 30while also serving to support the gate 70 in the closed position, In theembodiment shown in FIG. 2, structure 90 includes a generallycentralized support 92 with two additional supports 94 and 96 disposedto opposite sides of the central support 92. Supports 92, 94, and 96 aredisposed beneath the closed gate 70, extend generally parallel to thedirection of travel of the gate 70 between closed and open positions,and are attached, in laterally spaced relation, to the end frame members38, 39 of frame 32. Of course, structure 90 can include more supports ifso desired without detracting from this invention disclosure.

In the illustrated embodiment, a suitable material 98 (FIGS. 4 and 5) isprovided between the lower surface 74 of the gate 70 and each support ofstructure 90 for enhancing sliding movement of the gate 70 from theclosed position toward the open position. Preferably, and as shown inFIGS. 4 and 5, an upper surface 99 of each support 90, 92 and 94 (withonly support 94 and 92 being shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, respectively) ispreferably defined by the material 98 between the lower surface 74 ofthe gate 70 and each support of structure 90. Preferably, material 98includes ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene or similar materialfor reducing the coefficient of friction between the gate 70 and thesupport structure 90.

As shown in FIG. 2, projecting outwardly from the second end framemember 39 and extending in the direction the gate 70 moves toward anopen position, frame 32 furthermore preferably includes generallyparallel frame extensions 102 and 104. When viewed from an end of thegate assembly 30, the frame extensions 102 and 104 are mirror images ofeach other. Accordingly, only frame extension 104 will be described indetail. As shown in FIG. 8, each frame extension includes structure 106projecting away from the discharge opening 34 (FIG. 3) for supportingthe gate 70 when moved to an open position.

As shown by way of example in FIG. 8, structure 106 includes a ledge 108which is secured to each frame extension 102, 104 beneath the lowersurface 74 of gate 70 and projects inwardly toward a center of gate 70.The ledge 108 extends outwardly from the end frame member 39 andgenerally parallel to the direction of movement of the gate 70 towardthe open position for a distance sufficient to support the opened gate70. Preferably, and as shown in FIG. 8, structure 106 furthermoreincludes a hold down bracket 110 which extends generally parallel to andabove ledge 108. Bracket 110 is disposed and designed to slidably engagewith the upper surface 72 of gate 70, when gate 70 is moved toward theopen position, and inhibits gate 70 from inadvertently tipping relativeto the gate assembly frame 32.

As illustrated by way of example in FIGS. 4, 4A, 5, 6 and 6A, gateassembly 30 further includes a boot adapter or structure 120 disposedbeneath the lower surface of gate 70 for influencing the commodityflowing or passing from the gate assembly 30. In the illustratedembodiment, adapter 120 is arranged in material receiving relationrelative to the second discharge opening 34′ of gate assembly 30. In apreferred embodiment, the boot adapter or structure 120 includes anotherseries of horizontally slanted walls or baffles which, in one form,extend inwardly from a marginal edge 34 a of the second dischargeopening 34′.

The boot adapter or structure 120 can take different shapes andconfigurations without detracting or departing from the true spirit andnovel scope of this invention disclosure. In the form shown in FIGS. 4and 4A, the boot adapter or structure 120 includes a pair of generallyparallel and opposed preferably metal longitudinally extending sidemembers 136, 137 rigidly connected in a generally rectangularconfiguration to a pair of generally parallel and opposed end members138 and 139 (FIGS. 5 and 6, respectively). In a preferred embodiment, anupper or inlet opening 121 defined by adapter 120 has a configuration 34a which proximates the marginal edge 34 a of the second dischargeopening 34′ defined by the gate assembly frame 32.

In the illustrated embodiment, and when adapter 120 is operably coupledto the gate assembly 30, the side members 136, 137 of adapter 120 aredisposed in operable combination with the side frame members 36 and 37of gate assembly frame 32. Preferably, the side members 136 and 137 ofadapter 120 are mirror images of each other. In the embodimentillustrated by way of example in FIGS. 4 and 4A, the side member 136,137 of adapter 120 each include an upper outwardly extending and rigidand generally planar mounting flange 140 along with a horizontallyslanted generally planar wall or baffle 144 extending or anglingdownwardly and away from the respective upper mounting flange 40 on eachside member of adapter 120 and inwardly toward a center of the gateassembly 30. The slanted wall or baffle 144 on each side member ofstructure 120 extends inwardly toward a center of the discharge opening34 and at acute angle α relative to a horizontal plane defined by theupper mounting flange 140 on each side member of structure 120. In oneform, the slanted wall or baffle 144 of each side frame member extendsdownwardly and inwardly at angle preferably ranging between about 35degrees and about 50 degrees relative to a horizontal plane defined bythe upper mounting flange 40 on each side member of the discharge gateassembly 30.

The horizontally slanted wall or baffle 144 on each side member 136, 137of adapter 120 terminates at a location where it is joined to a bootflange 148. As shown, the boot flange 148 on each side frame member 136,137 on the adapter 120 is spaced from but extends in the same directionand in generally parallel relation with the respective mounting flange140. Preferably, the mounting flange 140, the horizontally slanted wallor baffle 144 and the boot flange 148 are integrally formed with eachother. Moreover, the boot flanges 148 on the side members 136, 137 ofadapter 120 are arranged in generally coplanar relationship relative toeach other.

Turning again to FIG. 5, the embodiment of the boot adapter 120illustrated therein, further includes a first end member 138 which, whenadapter 120 is operably coupled to the gate assembly 30, is disposed inoperable combination with the end frame member 38 of frame assembly 32.In the embodiment shown by way of example in FIG. 5, end member 138 ofadapter 120 includes an upper outwardly extending, rigid and generallyplanar mounting flange 150. Notably, the upper mounting flange 150 ofthe end member 138 is arranged generally coplanar with the mountingflange 140 on frame members 136 and 137.

As illustrated in FIG. 5, end member 138 of adapter 120 further includesa horizontally slanted generally planar wall or baffle 154 extendingdownwardly and away from the respective upper mounting flange 150 of endmember 138 and inwardly toward the center of the gate assembly 30. In apreferred embodiment, the slanted wall or baffle 154 on the end member138 of adapter 120 angles downwardly and inwardly toward the center ofthe gate assembly 30 and at acute angle α which is generally equal tothe acute angle α defined between the slanted wall or baffle 144 and themounting flange 140 of each side member 136, 137 of adapter 120.

The horizontally slanted wall or baffle 154 on the end member 138 ofadapter 120 terminates at a location where it is joined to a boot flange158. The boot flange 158 on the first end member 138 of adapter 120 isspaced from but extends in the same direction and in generally parallelrelation with the respective mounting flange 150. Preferably, themounting flange 150, the slanted wall or baffle 154 and the boot flange158 are integrally formed with each other. To facilitate having adischarge boot (not shown) abutted thereto when commodity is to bedischarged from the hopper 12 (FIG. 1) through gate assembly 30, theboot flange 158 on the end member 138 of adapter 120 is preferablyarranged in generally coplanar relation relative to the boot flanges 148on the side members 136 and 137 of adapter 120.

As mentioned above, the preferred embodiment of boot adapter 120 alsoincludes end member 139. As shown by way of example in FIG. 6, whenadapter 120 is operably coupled to the gate assembly 30, end member 139is disposed in operable combination with the lower portion 39 l of theend frame member 39 of frame assembly 32. In the embodiment shown by wayof example in FIG. 6, end member 139 of adapter 120 includes an upperoutwardly extending, rigid and generally planar mounting flange 160.Notably, the upper mounting flange 160 on the end member 139 of adapter120 is arranged in generally coplanar relation with the mounting flange140 on each side frame member 136, 137 and the mounting flange 150 onthe end frame member 138 of adapter 120.

As illustrated in FIG. 6, end member 139 of adapter 120 further includesa planar wall 164 depending from the respective upper mounting flange160 at an angle approximating 90 degrees. The wall or baffle 164 on theend member 139 of adapter 120 terminates at a location where it isjoined to a boot flange 168. The boot flange 168 on the end member 139of adapter 120 is spaced from but extends in the same direction and ingenerally parallel relation with the respective mounting flange 160.Preferably, the mounting flange 160, wall 164 and the boot flange 168are integrally formed with each other. Moreover, the boot flange 168 ofthe end member 139 of structure 120 is preferably arranged in generallycoplanar relation relative to the boot flange 148 on the side members136 and 137 and the boot flange 158 on end member 138 of adapter 120 toallow an unloading boot B (FIG. 4) to be abutted thereagainst to effectunloading of the hopper 12 (FIG. 1).

In the embodiment illustrated by way of example, the terminal edges ofthe slanted walls 144 on each side member 136, 137 (FIGS. 4 and 4A)along with the terminal edge of the slanted wall 154 on the end member138 (FIG. 5) in combination with wall 164 of end member 139 (FIG. 6)combine to define another discharge opening 34″ (FIG. 6A) having agenerally rectangular marginal edge 34 a″ for gate assembly 30. Thisthird discharge opening 34″ is disposed below the lower surface of thegate 70 and defines a generally smaller area than does the dischargeopening 34′ whereby serving to further influence, restrict or otherwisebaffle the flow of commodity passing from the discharge gate assembly30. In one embodiment, the area of the third discharge opening 34″ isabout 55% smaller than the area of the first discharge opening 34. Inone example, the area of the third discharge opening 34″ measuresapproximately 496 square inches.

The boot adapter 120 is releasably suspended below the gate assembly 30through structure 170 which can embody any of a myriad of designswithout detracting or departing from the novel spirit and broad scope ofthis invention disclosure. Suffice it to say, the adapter 120 is to bereleasably suspended in material receiving relation relative to andbelow the discharge opening defined by the gate assembly using minimalequipment and personnel and in a manner permitting the adapter 120 to beeasily removed from gate assembly 30 in the event the railcar 10(FIG. 1) changes service again.

In the form illustrated in FIG. 9, structure 170 includes a clampingmechanism 172 used to releasably secure the boot adapter 120 to theframe assembly 32. In the illustrated example, and as will beappreciated from an understanding of this disclosure, more than oneclamping mechanism 172 can be arranged in operable combination with eachmounting flange of the boot adapter 120. Since each clamping mechanismis preferably similar, however, only one clamping mechanism will bediscussed in detail.

In the embodiment illustrated by way of example in FIG. 9, each clampingmechanism 172 includes a clamping strip or member 173. Toward one end175, the clamping strip 173 overlies a lengthwise portion of andreleasably clamps against a free end of a respective boot flange of oneof the frame members on the gate assembly frame 32. A conventional andwell known fastener 176 including a threaded bolt 177 and nut 177′ canbe used to effect the desired ends. The clamping member 173 isconfigured such that an opposite end 178 overlies and is pressed orclamped against the respective mounting flange on adapter 120 throughtightening of the fastener 176 whereby releasably clamping and securingthe boot adapter 120 to at least two opposed frame members of the gateassembly 32.

In an alternative embodiment illustrated by way of example in FIG. 10,the structure for releasably suspending the adapter 120 below the gateassembly 30 is indicated generally by reference numeral 170 a. Thisalternative structure 170 includes a clamping mechanism 172 a comprisedof a clamping strip member 173 a along with a spacer 173 a. Toward oneend 175 a, the clamping strip 173 a overlies a lengthwise portion of andreleasably clamps against a free end of a respective boot flange on thegate assembly frame 32. A conventional and well known fastener 176 aincluding a threaded bolt 177 a and nut 177 a′ can be used to effect thedesired ends. The clamping member 172 a is configured such that anopposite end 178 a overlies and is pressed or clamped against the spacer173 a and respective mounting flange on adapter 120 through tighteningof the fastener 177 a whereby releasably clamping and securing the bootadapter 120 to at least two opposed frame members of the gate assembly32.

FIG. 11 illustrates another alternative embodiment of the structure usedto releasably suspend the boot adapter 120 on the gate assembly frame32. In the embodiment illustrated by way of example in FIG. 11, suchalternative structure is generally designed by reference numeral 170 b.In the embodiment of the structure used to releasably suspend the bootadapter 120 on the gate assembly frame 32 and illustrated by way ofexample in FIG. 11, an upper mounting flange of at least two opposedmembers of the boot adapter 120 are each provided so as to allow theboot adapter 120 to be slidably mounted on and along the lower flangesof at least two opposed frame members of the gate assembly 30 andthereafter releasably secured in position. Preferably, the upturned endof the mounting flange extends the majority of if not the full length ofeach respective mounting member of the boot adapter 120 on which it isprovided. In one form, an upturned edge of the adapter mounting flangecan be furthermore provided on a third member of the boot adapter 120,if so desired. The structure 170 c arranged or otherwise provided oneach of the member of the boot adapter 120 are preferably identicalrelative to each other. As such, only the structure 170 b associatedwith but a single member of the boot adapter will be discussed indetail.

In the example shown in FIG. 11, structure 170 b defines an inwardlydirected opening 182. Opening 182 is defined between the mounting flange140 on a member of the boot adapter 120 and an inwardly turned uppermember 184 preferably joined to the mounting flange on the respectivemember of the boot adapter 120. Suffice it to say, the opening 182 ofeach piece of attachment hardware 180 is sized such that it slidablyaccommodates the boot flange of the respective frame member of the gateassembly 32 while limiting vertical displacement of the mounting flangeof the respective member of the adapter 120 therewithin Notably, eachstructure 180 defines a limit stop 186. The distance between the limitstops 186 on two opposed members of the adapter 120 is generally equalto or slightly greater than the distance between the distal ends of tworespective boot flanges of the opposed frame members of the gateassembly frame 32 used to carry and support the boot adapter 120. Asshown by way of example in FIG. 11, and in a preferred embodiment, theupper member 184 of structure 170 b has an upwardly angled free edge 188along substantially the length thereof for facilitating mounting of theboot adapter 120 to the gate assembly frame.

Structure 170 b and, thus, the boot adapter 120, is releasably fastenedor otherwise releasably secured to opposed boot flanges on those framemembers carrying the boot adapter 120. The releasable securement ofstructure 170 b and, thus, the boot adapter 120 can be effected indifferent ways without seriously detracting or departing from the spiritand scope of this invention disclosure. For example, and after bootadapter 120 is slidably mounted in operable combination with the gateassembly frame 32, structure 170 b can be welded as at 189 in one orseveral locations along the boot flanges on those frame members carryingthe boot adapter 120. Of course, and simply by removing, grinding off orotherwise breaking such welds, the boot adapter 120 can be removed fromthe gate assembly frame whereby returning the gate assembly 30 to itsoriginal purpose and service.

In another alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 11, structure 170 b and,thus, the boot adapter 120 is releasably fastened or otherwisereleasably secured to opposed boot flanges on those frame memberscarrying the boot adapter 120 through use of one or more fasteners 190arranged in operable combination with the attachment hardware. Morespecifically, a conventional threaded fastener 191 is threadablyarranged for rotation within the upper inwardly turned upper member 184above the respective boot flange of the frame member on which theadapter 120 is slidably mounted. After boot adapter 120 is slidablymounted in operable combination with the gate assembly frame 32, thefastener 191 is rotated whereby releasably clamping and securing theadapter 120 to the boot flanges of at least two opposed frame members ofthe gate assembly 32. A locking or jam nut 192 releasably maintains therotational position and clamping function of the fastener 191. Ofcourse, after releasing the fastener 191 and jam nut 192, the bootadapter 120 can be removed from the gate assembly frame 32 wherebyreturning the gate assembly 30 to its original purpose and service.

Although structure 170 b was described as being provided on at least twomembers of the boot adapter 120, it is furthermore possible to providethe same or similar structure along a third member of the boot adapter120 such that when the boot adapter is arranged in operable combinationwith the gate assembly frame 32, the third piece or structure 170 bserves to limit the intrusion of contaminants, i.e. moisture, dust andrelated debris, about the upper periphery of the boot adapter 120. Inthis regard, suitable seal structure can be provided about the remainingside of the boot adapter 120 to limit the intrusion of contaminants,i.e. moisture, dust and related debris, about the upper periphery of theboot adapter 120.

FIGS. 11A through 11C schematically illustrate still another embodimentof the structure used to releasably suspend the boot adapter 120 on thegate assembly frame 32. In the embodiment illustrated by way of examplein FIGS. 11A through 11C, such alternative structure is generallydesigned by reference numeral 170 c. In this alternative embodiment,structure 170 c includes a series of bracket assemblies 194 between thegate assembly frame 32 and the adapter 120 for releasably suspending theboot adapter 120 below gate assembly 30. Preferably, a grouping ofbracket assemblies are 194 are provided along opposed sides of andacross a forward end of the frame assembly 32 for releasably suspendingthe adapter 120 below and in material receiving relation relative to theframe assembly 32. In a preferred form, the bracket assemblies 194 aresubstantially identical relative to each other and, thus, only onebracket assembly will be described in detail.

Turning to FIGS. 11B and 11C, each bracket assembly 194 includes a pairof cooperating brackets 195 and 196. As shown in FIG. 11B, toward oneend, bracket 195 is suitably secured, as by welding and the like, to andextends away in a generally perpendicular direction from the frameassembly 32. Toward an outer fee end, bracket 195 is releasably securedto bracket 196. Bracket 196 depends from the free end of bracket 195 andtoward the adapter 120. Toward a lower end thereof, bracket 196 isconfigured to have the mounting flange of a respective member of theboot adapter 120 secured thereto and supported thereby.

As shown in FIGS. 11B and 11C, a suitable fastener 197 releasablysecures the brackets 195 and 196 to each other. Fastener 197 preferablyincludes a conventional threaded bolt 197 a and nut 197 b. In apreferred form, one of the brackets 195, 196 is provided with avertically elongated slot 198 through which a shank 197 c of bolt 197 aextends. As such, the elongated slot 198 permits vertical adjustment ofthe adapter 120 relative to the frame assembly 32 to compensate fortolerances and the like and to ensure the adapter 120 can be suspendedin a proper operable relation relative to frame assembly 32.

Returning again to FIG. 2, gate assembly 30 further includes a manuallyactuated operating shaft assembly 210 mounted for rotation about a fixedaxis 212 preferably on the frame extensions 102 and 104 of the gateframe 32. The rotationally fixed axis 212 of the operating shaftassembly 210 is disposed in spaced generally parallel relationship fromthe end frame member 39 of the gate assembly frame 32. The operatingshaft assembly 210 is operably coupled or connected to gate 70 such thatrotation of the operating shaft assembly 210 is transmuted to linearmovement of the gate 70.

The operating shaft assembly 210 extends transversely across the path ofmovement of gate 70 and has opposed ends which, after the gate assembly30 is secured to car 10, are operator accessible from either side of car10. In the illustrated embodiment, the operating shaft assembly 210 isdisposed beneath the predetermined path of movement of the gate 70.

As shown in FIG. 12, the operating shaft assembly 210 preferablyincludes an elongated operating shaft 220 rotatable about axis 212 withoperating handles or capstans 226 connected to opposite ends thereof. Asis known, the operating handles 226 rotatably mount the operating shaftassembly 210 to the frame extensions 102, 104 of the gate assembly frame32. In a most preferred form, the capstans or operating handles 226 arereleasably secured to the shaft 220.

A drive mechanism 230 operably couples the operating shaft assembly 210to the gate 70. In the illustrated embodiment, drive mechanism 230includes a rack and pinion assembly 232. Preferably, assembly 232includes a pair of laterally spaced racks 234 fixed to the lower surface74 of gate 70. A pair of pinions 236 are slidably received about shaft220 and are arranged in meshing engagement with the racks 234. Thus, theracks 234 are simultaneously moved in timed relation relative to eachother by the pinions 236. The racks 234 preferably embody a designsimilar to that illustrated in U.S. Design Pat. No. 427,741 assigned toMiner Enterprises, Inc.; the full disclosure of which is incorporatedherein by reference.

In the example shown in FIG. 13, the operating shaft assembly 210 alongwith the pinions 236 of drive mechanism 230 are horizontally arranged tothat side of the depending vertical wall 66 d of the lower portion 39 lof the second end frame member 39 opposite from the discharge opening34′. As such, and as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, because the racks 234 ofdrive mechanism 230 are preferably mounted to the underside 74 of thegate 70, a pair of laterally spaced openings 237 (with only one beingshown in FIGS. 13, 14 and 15) are provided in the lower portion 39 l ofthe second end frame 39 defining the transverse opening or slot 67 andthe slanted wall 66 g associated with the lower portion 39 l of thesecond end frame member 39 whereby allowing the racks 234 of drivemechanism 230 to move endwise therethrough. Such openings 237 wouldnormally weaken or reduce the stiffness and strength of the gate frame32.

Of course, too much reduction in the stiffness and rigidity of the gateframe 32 can adversely affect the gate 70, resulting in excessivedeflection which may adversely affect operation of the gate assembly 30and/or sealing of the gate 70 with various sealing devices arrangedabove an upper surface 72 of the gate 70. As such, and with the openings237 in the depending wall 66 d of the lower portion 39 l of the endframe member 39 and the slanted wall 66 g associated therewithnotwithstanding, the gate frame assembly 32 is preferably designed tofacilitate support and inhibit transverse bending of that end framemember 39 defining the transverse opening or slot 67 to enhanceoperation of the gate assembly 30 while maintaining the horizontal wall66 e (FIGS. 6, 13 and 14) of the lower portion 39 l of the end wall 39in close supportive relation relative to the underside 74 of gate 70.

Particularly in those areas defining the openings 237, frame 32advantageously includes structure 240 to further enhance rigidity andstiffness to the lower portion 39 l of the end frame 39. In a preferredform, structure 240 includes a pair of laterally spaced braces 242′ and242″ (FIG. 13). In a preferred embodiment, and to reduce manufacturingcosts, the braces 242′ and 242″ of structure 250 are substantiallyidentical. Thus, a detailed description of only brace 242′ will beprovided.

In the form shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, each brace of structure 240 ispreferably formed from steel and the like and bridges or spans thehorizontal distance measured between the slanted wall or baffle 66 g andthe generally vertical wall 66 d of the lower portion 39 l of the endwall 39. In the form shown by way of example in FIG. 14, each brace ofstructure 240 has a generally U-shaped and hollow cross-sectionalconfiguration arranged in at least partially surrounding relationrelative to the lengthwise portion of the respective rack 234 of drivemechanism 230 passing endwise therethrough. The upper horizontal edgesof each brace of structure 240 are attached, preferably as by welding orthe like, to the horizontal wall 66 e of the lower portion 39 l of theend wall 39 of frame 32. Moreover, the edges around opposed ends of eachbrace of structure 240 are attached, preferably as by welding or thelike, to the depending wall 66 d of the lower portion 39 l of the endwall 39 of frame 32 and the slanting wall 66 g (FIG. 13).

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 15, gate 70 carries seal structure250. In the form illustrated by way of example in FIG. 15, sealstructure 250 includes a pair of substantially identical laterallyspaced free-ended and flexible seal members 252 (with only one beingshown in FIG. 15). The seals 252 are preferably formed from rubber,plastic, nylon or the like flexible material. In the embodiment shown byway of example in FIG. 15, the seal members 252 of structure 250 dependfrom an underside 74 of gate 70 and are horizontally spaced from butarranged in generally fore-and-aft alignment with the ends of racks 234of drive mechanism 230 (FIG. 2).

Preferably, each seal member 252 has an outer edge or profile whichgenerally corresponds to and operably engages with the innercross-sectional profile of the respective hollow brace 240 in the lowerportion 39 l of the second end frame member 39 when the gate 70 is movedto an open position. Suffice it to say, and as shown in FIG. 15, whengate 70 is moved to its open position, seal structure 250 serves toinhibit commodity from passing through either opening 237 in the lowerportion 39 l of the end frame member 39 and inadvertently falling orbeing discharged or leaked outside the discharge opening 34′.

Movement of the gate 70 from a closed position toward an open positionalong its fixed path of movement is influenced by a lock assembly 260.The purpose of the lock assembly 260 is to releasably hold gate 70against movement toward an open position until the lock assembly 260 ispurposefully released by the operator. With the present inventiondisclosure, and in compliance with AAR Standards, lock assembly 260 ispreferably configured such that it is initially released in response tooperation of the operating shaft assembly 210 automatically followed bymovement of the gate 70 toward an open position. That is, unlatching ofthe lock assembly 260 and opening of the gate 70 are preferably affectedin sequential order relative to each other and in response to rotationof the operating shaft assembly 210.

In one form, lock assembly 260 is preferably designed as a subassemblyand can be fabricated independent of the frame 32 and subsequently addedthereto. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 16, lock assembly 260 includes a stop262 mounted for movement between a first position (FIG. 13), whereinstop 262 is disposed in the path of movement of the gate 70 to inhibitinadvertent movement of the gate 70 from the closed position toward theopen position, and a second position (FIG. 15), wherein stop 262 isremoved from the path of movement of the gate 70. Lock assembly 260further includes a mechanical system 264 for moving the stop 262 betweenthe first and second positions in timed sequential movement relative tomovement of the gate 70 toward the open position.

In the embodiment illustrated by way of example in FIG. 16, themechanical system 264 includes a rockshaft 266 with the stop 262 securedfor movement therewith. As shown in FIGS. 12, 13, 15 and 16, after lockassembly 260 is secured to frame 32, shaft 266 is preferably arrangedabove the upper surface 72 of the gate 70 and generally parallelthereto. Shaft 266 is mounted for oscillatory movement about a fixedaxis 268 extending generally parallel to axis 212 about which shaftassembly 210 turns. In one form, a pair of laterally spaced brackets 267and 267′, secured to and extending upwardly from the frame extensions102 and 104, respectively, mount the rockshaft 266 to the gate assemblyframe 32. Preferably, when subassembly 260 is secured to the gateassembly frame 32, the rockshaft 266 thereof is disposed above anddownstream of a rearmost edge 76 of the gate 70 (FIG. 16), when the gate70 is in the closed position to promote visualization of the lockassembly 260 relative to gate 70. Moreover, the rockshaft 266 is spacedabove and lengthwise from the shaft assembly 210.

Preferably, and as shown in FIG. 13, when gate 70 is closed, stop 262depends angularly downward from the rockshaft 266 and a free end of thestop 262 extends toward and into positive engagement with the gate 70.Preferably, the free end of stop 262 is configured with a notch orrecess 263 for engaging the edge 76 of the gate 60 while limitingangular movement of the stop 262 therepast. Preferably, the operativedistance separating the notch 263 from the axis 268 of the rockshaft 266is greater than the distance separating the axis 268 of the rockshaft266 from the upper side or surface 72 of gate 70. Accordingly, when thestop 262 engages the gate 70, a wedging action is preferably created orestablished. In a preferred form, the rockshaft 256 is inhibited againstaxial shifting movements along axis 268 by any suitable means.

Preferably, and as illustrated in FIG. 16, lock assembly 260 furtherincludes a second stop 262′ arranged in laterally spaced relation fromstop 262. Stop 262′ is operated, rotated with and is carried byrockshaft 266 and is substantially similar to the stop 262 and, thus, nofurther detailed description need be provided for stop 152′.

As shown in FIG. 17, the mechanical system 264 for operating the lockassembly 260 (FIG. 13) in timed sequence with movement of the gate 70further includes at least one cam follower 270 secured to and radiallyextending from rockshaft 266. The free end of the follower 270 isadapted to cooperate with cam structure 272 on shaft assembly 210whereby the stop 262 of the lock assembly 260 will be positivelydisplaced relative to the path of movement of the gate 70 upon rotationof the shaft assembly 130.

In the embodiment shown by way of example in FIG. 17, the cam structure272 for displacing the stop 262 (FIG. 13) includes an actuating memberor cam 274 provided to the side of the gate assembly frame 32 on atleast one of the operating handles or capstans 226 of the operatingshaft assembly 210. Such design increases the potential throw ormovement of the lock assembly 260 (FIG. 13) while allowing the camfollower 270 of the mechanical system 264 to be advantageously disposedadjacent to the gate assembly frame 32. In the embodiment shown in FIGS.12 and 16, another cam follower and associated cam structure is providedat the other end of the mechanical system 264 and operating shaftassembly 210.

Since the cam structure at each end of the operating shaft assembly 210is substantially identical, only one actuating member or cam 274 will bedescribed in detail. As shown in FIGS. 12, 16 and 17, each cam 274 ispreferably formed as an integral part of the handle 226 on shaftassembly 210 and includes a peripheral surface 275 (FIG. 17). Notably,at least a portion of each cam 274 is larger in diameter and extendsradially outward from that portion of the operating handle 226preferably joined thereto. For purposes to be described below, eachactuating member or cam 274 defines a throughbore or opening 276, havinga closed margin, arranged in radially spaced relation relative to therotational axis 212 of the operating shaft assembly 210.

Along its underside, the cam follower 270 includes a cam engagingsurface 278 specifically configured to inhibit the follower 270 frombinding against the peripheral surface 275 of the cam 274. Moreover,each cam follower 270 is preferably configured to promote arrangement ofa tamper seal 280 (FIG. 17) in only one position of the lock assembly260 (FIG. 13). In the embodiment shown in FIG. 17, each cam follower 270defines an opening or hole 271 having a closed margin. In one form, thetamper seal 180 comprises a ribbon-like member adapted to be passedthrough the throughbore or slot 276 in the cam 274 and the opening orhole 271 in the cam follower 270, with opposite ends of the seal 280being joined to each other to provide a visual indication of railcartampering.

Besides being gravitationally urged into engagement with the gate 70, ina preferred embodiment, stop 262 is urged into positive engagement withthe gate 70 so as to inhibit inadvertent release of the lock assembly260 as the railcar travels between locations. Returning to FIGS. 12 and16, shaft 266 of the mechanical system 264 is resiliently biased by asuitable torsion spring 269 operably engagable between the gate assemblyframe 32 and the adjacent cam follower 270 to resiliently urge stop 262toward its first position, thus, preventing stop 262 from inadvertentdisengagement from gate 70. The preferred spring arrangement 269furthermore allows the follower 270 to advantageously remain inoperative engagement with the periphery of the cam structure 272 duringturning rotational movements of the operating shaft assembly 210.

Preferably, a lost motion mechanism 282 is operably disposed between theoperating shaft assembly 210 and the mechanical system 264 for operatingthe lock assembly 260 so as to effect sequential movement of the lockassembly stop 262 and the gate 70 in predetermined relation relative toeach other. The purpose of the lost motion mechanism 282 is to permitthe operating shaft assembly 210 to rotate about an angle of freerotation without corresponding movement of the gate 70. As used herein,the term “free rotation” refers to that rotation of the operating shaftassembly 210 suitable to unlatch the lock assembly 260 from the gate 70prior to effecting displacement of the gate 70 toward an open position.

The lost motion mechanism 282 can take different designs withoutdetracting or departing from the spirit and scope of this inventiondisclosure. In the embodiment illustrated by way of example in FIGS. 13and 18, shaft 220 of the operating shaft assembly 210 has a generallysquare cross-sectional configuration. Moreover, in the embodiment shown,the pinions 236 of drive mechanism 230 each define a slip socket orslotted configuration 284 specifically related to the cross-sectionalconfiguration of and through which the shaft 220 of shaft assembly 210endwise passes. The slip socket configuration 284 in each pinion 236 hasa duodecimal surface configuration preferably centered about the fixedaxis 212 of operating shaft assembly 210 and defines a rotary path forthe operating shaft relative to each pinion 236 of drive mechanism.Without incurring serious redesign, an alternative version of the lostmotion mechanism 282 can be incorporated into the operating handles orcapstans 226 of the operating shaft assembly 210.

As shown by way of example in FIG. 18, because shaft 220 has a squarecross-sectional configuration, the slotted configuration in each pinion236 includes four equally spaced recesses 286 joined to each other andequally disposed about axis 212 of operating shaft assembly 210. Eachrecess 286 includes first, second, and third walls or surfaces 287, 288and 289, respectively. The wall or surface 288 of each recess 286 in theslip socket 284 of pinions 236 has a curvilinear configuration and aradius equal to one-half the distance between diametrically opposedcorners of shaft 220. The angular offset between the walls or surfaces287 and 289 of each recess 286 in the slip socket 284 defined by pinions236 limits the free rotational movement of the operating shaft assembly210 about axis 212. As will be appreciated, if the cross-sectionalconfiguration of shaft 220 were other than square, the configuration ofthe slip socket 284 defined by the pinions 236 may likewise be alteredto accommodate a predetermined angle of free rotation of the operatingshaft assembly 210.

As will be appreciated, timed unlatching or removal of the lock assemblystop 262 from the path of movement of the gate 70 is critical to properperformance of gate assembly 30. Of course, and since the AAR Standardsrequire unlatching of the gate 70 to relate to operation shaft assembly210, inadvertent skipping movements of the pinions 236 relative to theracks 234 will destroy such timed relationship. It is not unusual,however, for the pinions 236 to skip relative to the racks 234, thus,hindering timing of operation between the gate 70 and lock mechanism 260in response to high torque levels being inputted to the shaft assembly210. Such high torque levels typically result during the initial openingstages for gate 70. Such high levels of torque tend to cause the shaft220 of assembly 210 to deflect relative to its rotational axis 212thereby resulting in displacement of the pinions 236 relative to theracks 234, thus, destroying timed movement of the gate 70 with operationof the operating shaft assembly 210.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 19, the dimension H between thebottom or lower surface 74 of the gate 70 and the rotational axis 212 ofthe operating shaft assembly 210 is critical to the overallfunctionality of the gate assembly 30 because the racks 234 of the drivemechanism 230 are mounted to the lower surface 74 of the gate 70 andbecause the drive pinions 236 are mounted to the operating shaft 210. Ifthe drive pinions 236 are too close to the racks 234 as a result ofdisplacement of the operating shaft 220 relative to axis 212, drivemechanism 230 will tend to bind. If the drive pinions 236 move too faraway from the racks 234 as a result of displacement of the operatingshaft 220 relative to axis 212, there is an opportunity for the teeth onthe pinions 236 to slip relative to the teeth on the racks 234 wherebycausing the drive mechanism 230 to “skip.” When “skipping” occurs, theoperating shaft 220 can rotate without corresponding linear displacementof the gate 70. As a result, adverse timing of the lock assembly 260 canoccur.

Returning to FIGS. 4 and 4A, the vertical location of the lower surface74 of gate 70 is determined by the location of the upper surface 99 ofthe supports 92, 94 and 96. In order to maintain the dimension H (FIG.19) at the correct measurement relative to the rotational axis 212 ofoperating shaft 220 whereby insuring proper operation of drive mechanism220, structure 290 (FIG. 12) is preferably provided in operablecombination with the gate assembly frame 32 for guiding and supportingthe operating shaft 220 of assembly 210. As will be appreciated by thoseskilled in the art, the structure 290 for guiding, supporting andinhibiting bending of the operating shaft 220 of assembly 210 relativeto axis 212 can take any of a myriad of configurations withoutdetracting or departing from the spirit and scope of this inventiondisclosure.

In the form shown in FIGS. 3 and 12, structure 290 includes a series ofsupports 292, 292′ and 292″ longitudinally extending below the lowersurface 74 of gate 70 and beyond the lower portion 39 l of the end framemember 39 of the gate assembly frame 32. Preferably, and as shown inFIG. 6, each support 292, 292′ and 292″ extends from the depending wall66 d on the lower portion 39 l of the second end frame member 39 of gateassembly frame 32. A suitable weldment (not shown) secures and fixeseach support member 292, 292′ and 292″ to the depending wall 66 d on thelower portion 39 l of the second end frame member 39.

Each support 292, 292′ and 292″ is preferably structured to guide andsupport the operating shaft 220 of assembly 210. In one form thestructure used to guide and support shaft 220 of assembly 210 includes aclosed marginal opening 294 defined by each support 292, 292′ and 292″and arranged in surrounding relation relative to shaft 220 of assembly210. The bore or opening 294 is located relative to axis 212 and sizedrelative to the cross-section of the shaft 220 of assembly 210. As such,the closed margin defined by each bore 294 ensures true or axialrotation of the shaft 220 relative to axis 212 while restrictingdeflection of shaft 220 relative to axis 212.

Alternatively, and without detracting or departing from the spirit andscope of this invention disclosure, each support 92, 94 and 96 ofsupport structure 90 could be longitudinally extended past the dependingwall 66 d on the lower portion 39 l of the second end frame member 39and defines a hole or opening similar to opening 294 described above toensure true or axial rotation of the shaft 220 relative to axis 212while restricting deflection of shaft 220 relative to axis 212. Sufficeit to say, structure 290 in whatever form desired, advantageouslysupports and guides the shaft 220 of assembly 210 to limit deflection ofthe shaft 220 relative to axis 212 so as to facilitate and maintaindimension H (FIG. 19) generally constant and thereby maintaining thepinions 236 mounted on and along shaft 220 in proper intermeshing andoperable engagement with the racks 234 on gate 70 regardless of thetorque level inputted to operating shaft assembly 130 whereby guardingagainst “binding” and “skipping” of the drive mechanism 210.

As mentioned above, the adapter for influencing the flow of commodityfrom the discharge gate assembly 30 can take different shapes andconfigurations without detracting or departing from the true spirit andnovel scope of this invention disclosure. FIG. 20 illustrates analternative embodiment for the rear or second end frame member of thegate assembly frame and an alternative embodiment for the rear endmember of the adapter releasably secured to the gate assembly frame forinfluencing commodity flowing or passing from the gate assembly 30. Thealternative form of the rear or second end frame member of the gateassembly is designated generally in FIG. 20 by reference numeral 339.The alternative form of the rear end member of the adapter is generallydesignated by reference numeral 439. The other elements of thisalternative form of end frame member that are identical or functionallyanalogous to the elements discussed above regarding end frame member 39are designed by reference numerals identical to those used above withthe exception this embodiment illustrated by way of example in FIG. 20uses reference numerals in the 300 series. Similarly, the other elementsof the alternative form of rear end member for the adapter that areidentical or functionally analogous to the elements discussed aboveregarding end member 139 of adapter 120 are designed by referencenumerals identical to those used above with the exception the embodimentillustrated by way of example in FIG. 20 uses reference numerals in the400 series

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 20, the second or rear end framemember 339 of gate assembly 30 includes an upper portion 339 u and alower portion 339 l which, in the embodiment illustrated by way ofexample in FIG. 20, are rigidly connected to the side frame members ofthe gate assembly 30 but are separate from each other. As shown in FIG.20, the upper portion 339 u of the end frame member 339 includes anoutwardly extending, rigid and generally planar mounting flange 360arranged above an upper surface 72 of the gate 70 and defining a seriesof side-by-side openings or holes 362 to allow a shank portion of athreaded fastener 43 to extend therethrough. In the illustratedembodiment, fastener 43 includes and cooperates with a threaded nutwhereby facilitating securement of gate assembly 30 to the conventionalmounting flange 20 on the bottom of the railcar hopper 12. Notably, themounting flange 360 of the upper portion 339 u on the second end framemember 339 is arranged generally coplanar with the mounting flanges onthe side frame members and the mounting flange on the other end memberof the gate assembly frame.

In the alternative embodiment illustrated by way of example in FIG. 20,the upper portion 339 u of the second end frame member 339 furtherincludes a depending wall 364 extending generally perpendicular relativeto the upper mounting flange 360 whereby significantly increasing thecross-sectional size or area of the discharge opening 334 defined by thegate assembly 30 above the upper surface 72 of gate 70 as compared tothe cross-sectional size or area of the discharge opening 34. In theillustrated embodiment, of rear end frame member 339, the depending wall364 is rigidly joined to the mounting flange 360 above an upper surface72 of the gate 70. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 20, wall 364 of theupper portion 339 u of the end frame member 339 depends from where it isjoined to the mounting flange 360 and terminates in a generallyhorizontal wall section 366 a having a surface 366 b disposed above anupper surface 72 of gate 70. Preferably, the depending wall 364 on theend frame member 339 is formed integral with the mounting flange 360 andthe generally horizontal wall section 366 a.

Preferably, the upper portion 339 u of the end frame member 339furthermore includes a stiffening member 368 a for adding strength andrigidity thereto. In one form, the stiffening member 368 transverselyextends between the side frame members of the gate frame 32 above thegate 70 and below the upper mounting flange 360 of the end frame member339. In the illustrated embodiment, the stiffening member 368 a extendsvertically between a lower surface of the mounting flange 360 and anupper surface of the generally horizontal wall section 366 a oppositesurface 366 b. In one form, the stiffening member 368 a is fastened asby welding and the like to an underside of the upper mounting flange 360and generally horizontal wall section 366 a.

In the illustrated embodiment, the lower portion 339 l of the second endwall 339 of gate assembly 30 includes a generally horizontal wall 366 edefining a generally horizontal surface 366 f supporting the lowersurface 74 of gate 70 and which spans the distance between the opposedside frame members of frame 32. As shown, surface 366 f is verticallyspaced from surface 366 a of the upper portion 339 u of the end wall 339so as to define an opening or slot 367 therebetween. The opening or slot367 extends transversely across the width of the end member 339 wherebypermitting gate 70 to slidably move therethrough in a single generallyhorizontal path of travel between closed and open positions.

In the embodiment illustrated by way of example in FIG. 20, the lowerportion 339 l of the second end wall 339 of gate assembly 30 furtherincludes a generally vertical wall 366 g extending downwardly from aterminal end of the generally horizontal wall 366 e. As will beappreciated by those skilled in the art, the generally vertical designof wall 366 g significantly increasing the cross-sectional size or areaof the discharge opening 334′ defined by the gate assembly 30 below andin material receiving relation with opening 334 as compared to thecross-sectional size or area of the discharge opening 34′ discussedabove. Preferably, the generally vertical wall 366 g and the generallyhorizontal wall 366 e of the lower portion 339 l of frame 32 are rigidlyjoined to each other. Furthermore, in the embodiment illustrated by wayof example in FIG. 20, the generally vertical wall 366 g of the lowerportion 339 l of the second end wall 339 and the depending wall 364 onthe upper portion 339 u of the second end wall 339 are disposed ingenerally the same vertical plane relative to each other.

As shown by way of example in FIG. 20, the generally vertical wall 366 gon the lower portion 339 l of the end frame member 339 terminates at alocation where it is joined to a boot flange 368. As shown, the bootflange 368 on the lower portion 339 l of the end frame member 339 isspaced from but extends in the same direction and in generally parallelrelation with the generally horizontal wall 366 e of end member 339.Preferably, wall 366 e, wall 366 g, and the boot flange 368 areintegrally formed with each other. Moreover, in a preferred embodiment,the boot flanges on the side frame members of the gate assembly alongwith the boot flange on the other end frame member together with theboot flange 368 on the lower portion 339 l of the end frame member 339are all arranged in parallel and generally coplanar relation relative toeach other.

With the exception of an alternative form for a rear or end member 439,structure 420 shown in FIG. 20 is substantially similar to structure 120discussed above. In the embodiment shown by way of example in FIG. 20,and when adapter 420 is operably coupled to the gate assembly 30, theend member 439 of structure 420 is disposed in operable combination withthe end frame member 339 of frame assembly 32. In the embodiment shownby way of example in FIG. 20, end member 339 of adapter 420 includes anupper outwardly extending, rigid and generally planar mounting flange450. Suffice it to say, the upper mounting flange 450 of the end member439 is arranged generally coplanar with the mounting flanges on theother frame members of structure 420.

As illustrated in FIG. 20, end member 439 of adapter 420 furtherincludes a horizontally slanted generally planar wall or baffle 454extending downwardly and away from the respective upper mounting flange450 of end member 439 and inwardly toward the center of the gateassembly 30. In a preferred embodiment, the slanted wall or baffle 454on the end member 439 of adapter 420 angles downwardly and inwardlytoward the center of the gate assembly 30 and at acute angle α which isgenerally equal to the acute angle α defined between the slanted wall orbaffle and the mounting flanges on the side members of adapter 420. Aswill be appreciated by those skilled in the art, and especially whencompared with the adapter 120 illustrated in FIG. 6, the provision ofthe slanted wall or baffle 454 longitudinally shifts the location of thedischarge outlet or opening 434″ as compared to the discharge opening34″ defined by adapter 120. Of course, the angle of the slanted wall orbaffle 45 on adapter 420 will ultimately determine the longitudinallocation or disposition of the discharge opening 34″ defined by adapter420. As such, differences in the location of the unloading boots atdifferent unloading sites can be easily and readily compensated for byselecting the particular modular adapters having the designated spacingsbetween lower discharge openings on adjacent adapters.

The horizontally slanted wall or baffle 454 on the end member 439 ofadapter 420 terminates at a location where it is joined to a boot flange458. The boot flange 458 on the end member 439 of adapter 420 is spacedfrom but extends in the same direction and in generally parallelrelation with the respective mounting flange 450. Preferably, themounting flange 450, the slanted wall or baffle 454 and the boot flange458 are integrally formed with each other. To facilitate having adischarge boot (not shown) abutted thereto when commodity is to bedischarged from the hopper 12 (FIG. 1) through gate assembly, the bootflange 458 on the end member 439 of structure 420 is preferably arrangedin generally coplanar relation relative to the boot flanges on the othermembers of adapter 420.

Suffice it to say, this alternative form of adapter 420 can bereleasably affixed to and carried by at least two of the flanges definedby any two opposed end frame members on the gate assembly using the sameor equivalent structure to that discussed above in connection with FIGS.9 through 11 and/or other suitable alternative means.

Operation of the gate 70 and lock assembly 260 is such that when gate 70is in a closed position (FIG. 13), each stop 262, 262′ of lock assembly260 is in positive engagement with gate 70 and shaft 220 of theoperating shaft assembly 210 is disposed relative to the slip pinions236 substantially as shown in FIG. 13. As such, gate 70 is inhibitedfrom moving toward an open position at this time. With the gate 70closed, the outer surfaces of shaft 220 extends generally parallel toand likely engages the walls or surfaces 287 (FIG. 18) of each slipsocket or recess 286 of each slip pinion 236.

As discussed above, in the closed position, gate 70 is preferablysupported within the discharge opening 34 by the structure 90 (FIGS. 2,4 and 4A) extending across the discharge opening 34 beneath the gate 70.Moreover, seal structure 80 surrounds the periphery of the gate 70 toinhibit contaminants, moisture, and insect infiltration from passingbetween the gate assembly 32 and the door or gate 70. Preferably, sealstructure 80 inhibits commodity from inadvertently leaking from the gateassembly 30 when the gate 70 is in the closed position.

In the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the supports 94 and 96 arepreferably disposed adjacent the side frame members 36, 37 of gateassembly frame 32 in a manner maximizing the effectiveness of the sealstructure 80 about the peripheral edge of the gate 70 and, thus,reducing leakage of commodity therepast. The preferred arrangement ofthe supports 94 and 96 adjacent to the side frame members 36, 37 on thegate assembly frame 32 furthermore maximizes the clearance for andreduces obstructions to commodity passing from hopper 12 (FIG. 1).Providing a UHMW-type material 98 between the support structure 90 andthe underside 74 of the gate 70 (FIGS. 4 and 4A) furthermore reduces thecoefficient of friction therebetween whereby lessening the torquerequirements required to be inputted to assembly 210 to move gate 70toward the open position.

When gate 70 is to be opened, a suitable tool or powered driver (notshown) operably engages with and is operated to turn or rotate theoperating shaft assembly 210 in the appropriate direction. In theembodiment illustrated in FIG. 21, shaft assembly 210 is turned in acounterclockwise direction to open the gate 70. As will be appreciated,rotation of shaft assembly 210 causes rotation of shaft 220. As shown,turning shaft assembly 210 likewise causes rotation of the cam structure272 while also resulting in breakage of the tamper seal 280 (FIG. 17).

During initial rotation of shaft assembly 210, the cam structure 272actuates the mechanical system 264 of lock assembly 260. That is,initial rotational movement of the shaft assembly 210 forcibly andpositively displaces the cam follower 270 against the action of spring269 (FIG. 16) resulting in counterclockwise rotation of the rockshaft266 as shown in FIG. 21. Counterclockwise rotation of rockshaft 266effects displacement and removal of the stops 262, 262′ from thepredetermined path of travel of gate 70.

During initial rotational movement of the operating shaft assembly 210in a direction to move the gate 70 toward an open position, shaft 220traverses the radial space between surfaces 287 and 289 in the slottedrecesses 286 of each slip pinion 236 and no linear movement is impartedto the gate or door 70. That is, during initial rotational movement ofthe operating shaft assembly 210 in a direction to move the gate 70toward an open position, the operating shaft assembly 210 turns througha range of free angular movement ranging between about 35° to about 55°without any corresponding linear movement of the gate 70 toward an openposition. In a most preferred form, the shaft assembly 210 turns througha range of free angular movement of about 45°. It is through this rangeof free angular movement of the operating shaft assembly 210, whereinthere is no displacement of gate 70 toward the open position, that themechanical system 264 unlatches/unlocks the lock assembly 260 fromoperable engagement with gate 70.

At the limit of free rotational movement of operating shaft assembly210, shaft 220 is disposed as shown in FIG. 22 within the slip socket286 of each pinion 236 of drive mechanism 230. In such position, theouter surfaces on shaft 220 extend generally parallel with and likelyengage the third wall or surface 289 of each slip socket 284 of eachpinion 236.

Continued rotation of operating shaft assembly 210 in a direction to theposition schematically illustrated in FIG. 23 causes the gate 70 to movetoward the open position and causes the cam structure 272 to furtherdisplace or move the stops 262, 262′ from the path of movement of thegate 70 against the action of spring 269 (FIG. 16) while concomitantlyresulting in rotation of the pinions 236 and linear displacement of thegate 70 toward an open position. That is, and as shown in FIG. 24, uponthe collapse of the lost motion mechanism 282, provided by the shaft 220traversing the distance separating radial surfaces 287 and 289 of theslip pinions 236, the pinions 236 are thereafter operably coupled to theshaft 220 resulting in linear displacement of the gate 70 toward theopen position. After the lock assembly 260 is unlatched or released fromthe operable engagement with gate 70, the cam structure 272 isconfigured such that the stops 262, 262′ are positioned above or ridealong an upper surface 723 of the gate 70 so as to remain out ofengagement with the gate 70 until gate 70 is returned to the closedposition.

With gate 70 now moved to an open position, commodity within the hopper12 (FIG. 1) can be discharged therefrom. Notably, and with gate 70 movedto an open position (FIG. 15), the seal structure 250 inhibitsinadvertent leakage of commodity through the openings 237 in the frame32. Suffice it to say, the gate assembly 30 is advantageously configuredand design to positively limit the tolerance locations to which the gate70 can be moved toward a final open position.

In the embodiment illustrated by way of example, the plurality of wallson the adapter 120 disposed below the discharge opening 34′ of the gateassembly 30 combine to influence the flow of commodity from the gateassembly 30. In the embodiment illustrated by way of example, the sizeof the discharge opening 34″ defined by the adapter 120 is smaller thanthe discharge opening defined by the gate assembly 30. As such, the flowof commodity from the discharge gate assembly 30 can be restricted orthrottled while maintaining a standard size opening the gate assembly30. Moreover, the ability to easily and readily change the standardizedsize opening on the discharge gate assembly 30 reduces the likelihood ofthe commodity spilling or otherwise being lost during the commodityunloading process. It should be appreciated, however, it is well withinthe scope of this invention disclosure that the discharge opening 34′defined by the lower portion of the gate assembly 30 disposed below thelower surface 74 of the gate 70 can define a discharge opening having anarea measuring equal to if not greater than the area of the dischargeopening 34 defined by the upper portion of the discharge gate assemblydisposed at the upper surface 72 of the gate 70 without detracting ordeparting from the novel spirit and broad scope of this inventiondisclosure.

With this invention disclosure, the adapter 120 can furthermore beutilized to longitudinally position the relative location or dispositionof the discharge opening 34″ relative to the standard chute opening 18on hopper car 10 (FIG. 4). That is, and depending upon the angle and thenumber of slanted surfaces provided on the adapter 120, the location ordisposition of the discharge opening 34″ relative to the standard chuteopening 18 on hopper car 10 (FIG. 4) can be changed or modified. Assuch, the flow of commodity from the discharge gate assembly 30 can beinfluenced to more closely align with the disposition of the unloadingboot location to minimize the loss of commodity being discharged throughthe adapter 120. Of course, the ability to readily remove the adapter120 from the gate assembly 30 allows the car 10 to be returned to itsoriginal service with minimal equipment and operator involvement in timeand expense.

After the commodity is discharged from car 10, the operating shaftassembly 210 is rotated to close the gate 70. When the operating shaftassembly 210 is rotated to close the gate 70, the shaft 220 initiallytraverses the angular or radial distance separating walls or surfaces287 and 289 within the slotted recesses 286 on the pinions 236 until theouter surface of shaft 220 engages with walls or surface 287 within theslotted recesses 286 on the pinions 236. Continued rotation of theoperating shaft assembly 210 imparts rotation to the pinions 236 whichis transmuted to linear displacement of the gate 70 toward the closedposition by the rack and pinion assembly 232. When the gate 70 reachesthe closed position, the cam structure 272 returns substantially to theposition shown in FIG. 17. Accordingly, the effects of gravity and theinfluence of the spring 269 (FIGS. 12 and 16) urge the stop 262, 262′ oflock assembly 260 into the position shown in FIG. 13 whereby againreleasably locking the gate 70 in the closed position or condition.

From the foregoing, it will be observed that numerous modifications andvariations can be made and effected without departing or detracting fromthe true spirit and novel concept of the present invention. Moreover, itwill be appreciated, the present disclosure is intended to set forthexemplifications of the invention disclosure which are not intended tolimit the invention to the specific embodiments illustrated. Rather,this disclosure is intended to cover by the appended claims all suchmodifications and variations as fall within the spirit and scope of theclaims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for influencing gravitational dischargeof material from a railroad hopper car, comprising the steps: providinga discharge gate assembly in material receiving relation relative to andischarge outlet defined by said hopper car, said discharge gateassembly having a rigid frame including a pair of laterally spaced,opposed and generally parallel side frame members and a pair oflongitudinally spaced, opposed and generally parallel end frame memberssecured in a generally rectangular configuration relative to each other,with said side frame members and end frame member combining with eachother to define a discharge opening through which commodity is adaptedto gravitationally pass from a chute opening on said hopper car, withsaid gate assembly further including a gate supported on said frame forlinear sliding movement along a single predetermined and generallyhorizontal path of travel between closed and open positions toselectively control discharge of commodity from the railroad car, andwherein said side frame members and end frame members each include anupper outwardly extending mounting flange for facilitating connectingsaid gate assembly to said hopper car, with the upper mounting flangeson said side frame members and end frame members being arranged above anupper surface of the gate and in generally coplanar relation relative toeach other, and with said side frame members and end frame members eachincluding a depending wall extending generally perpendicular to theupper flange and below a lower surface of the gate, and with each sideframe member and each side frame further having a boot flange extendinggenerally parallel to the upper mounting flange, with the boot flangeson said frame members being arranged below the lower surface of the gateand in generally coplanar relation relative to each other; andreleasably suspending an adapter beneath the discharge opening definedby said frame members to influence commodity being discharged from thedischarge opening defined by said frame members, with said adapterincluding at least one horizontally slanted surface extending inwardlyrelative to the discharge opening defined by the frame members of saidgate assembly, and with said adapter further including a lower bootflange for allowing a discharge boot to be abutted thereto.
 2. Themethod for influencing gravitational discharge of material from arailroad hopper car according to claim 1, wherein the step releasablysuspending said adapter beneath said discharge opening defined by saidframe members further involves sliding said adapter onto the bootflanges of at least two opposed frame members; and releasably securingsaid adapter to said gate assembly frame.
 3. The method for influencinggravitational discharge of material from a railroad hopper car accordingto claim 1, wherein the step releasably suspending said adapter beneathsaid discharge opening defined by said frame members involves clampingsaid adapter to gate assembly frame.
 4. The method for influencinggravitational discharge of material from a railroad hopper car accordingto claim 1, wherein the step releasably suspending said adapter beneathsaid discharge opening defined by said frame members further involveswelding said portions of said adapter of gate assembly frame.
 5. Themethod for influencing gravitational discharge of material from arailroad hopper car according to claim 1, wherein the step releasablysuspending said adapter beneath said discharge opening defined by saidframe members involves supporting said adapter on brackets disposedbetween said adapter and the gate assembly frame
 6. The method forinfluencing gravitational discharge of material from a railroad hoppercar according to claim 1, wherein said adapter includes two horizontallyslanted surfaces arranged in depending relation relative to an uppersurface of said adapter and extending inwardly from a marginal edge ofat least two sides of the discharge opening defined by said framemembers.
 7. A method for influencing gravitational discharge of materialfrom a railroad hopper car, comprising the steps: providing a dischargegate assembly in material receiving relation relative to a chute openingdefined by said hopper car, said discharge gate assembly defining adischarge opening and has a gate supported for linear sliding movementbetween closed and open positions to selectively control discharge ofcommodity through said discharge opening and from the railroad car, witha first portion of said gate assembly being disposed above an uppersurface of said gate and a second portion of said gate assembly beingdisposed below a lower surface of said gate; suspending an adapter inreleasably fixed relation relative to the second portion of said gateassembly to influence commodity being discharged from said dischargeopening and such that said adapter is releasably secured to said gateassembly frame, with said adapter including at least one horizontallyslanted surface extending inwardly relative to the discharge openingdefined by said gate assembly.
 8. The method for influencinggravitational discharge of material from a railroad hopper car accordingto claim 7, wherein the step suspending said adapter in releasably fixedrelation relative to the second portion of said gate assembly furtherinvolves sliding said adapter onto a boot flanges defined by at leasttwo opposed frame members of said gate assembly and releasably securingsaid adapter to a frame of said gate assembly.
 9. The method forinfluencing gravitational discharge of material from a railroad hoppercar according to claim 7, wherein the step of suspending said adapter inreleasably fixed relation relative to the second portion of said gateassembly further involves clamping said adapter to a frame of said gateassembly.
 10. The method for influencing gravitational discharge ofmaterial from a railroad hopper car according to claim 7, wherein thestep suspending said adapter in releasably fixed relation relative tothe second portion of said gate assembly further involves weldingportions of said adapter to a frame of said gate assembly.
 11. Themethod for influencing gravitational discharge of material from arailroad hopper car according to claim 7, wherein the step suspendingsaid adapter in releasably fixed relation relative to the second portionof said gate assembly further involves supporting said adapter onbrackets disposed between said adapter and a frame of the gate assembly.12. The method for influencing gravitational discharge of material froma railroad hopper car according to claim 7, wherein said adapterincludes two horizontally slanted surfaces arranged in dependingrelation relative to an upper surface of said adapter and extendinginwardly from a marginal edge of at least two sides of the dischargeopening defined by said gate assembly.